Dexamethasone
- Generic Name
- Dexamethasone
- Brand Names
- Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C22H29FO5
- CAS Number
- 50-02-2
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 7S5I7G3JQL
- Background
Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.
Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
- Indication
Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.
- Associated Conditions
- Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
- Associated Therapies
- -
Bortezomib, Cyclophosphamide, Dexamethasone, and Thalidomide in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed, Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-22
- Last Posted Date
- 2009-03-13
- Lead Sponsor
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
- Target Recruit Count
- 43
- Registration Number
- NCT00438841
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States
🇺🇸Desert Regional Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center, Palm Springs, California, United States
🇺🇸Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
Dexamethasone for the Prophylaxis of Pain Flare Study
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-22
- Last Posted Date
- 2014-11-19
- Lead Sponsor
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
- Target Recruit Count
- 61
- Registration Number
- NCT00438828
- Locations
- 🇨🇦
Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
A Study to Assess the Safety & Interaction Between GW679769, Dexamethasone, & Ondansetron When Taken by Healthy Adults
- Conditions
- Nausea and Vomiting, Chemotherapy-Induced
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-19
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-11-13
- Lead Sponsor
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Target Recruit Count
- 37
- Registration Number
- NCT00437229
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
GSK Investigational Site, Buffalo, New York, United States
Combination Chemotherapy and Rituximab in Treating Patients With Untreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma
- Conditions
- Stage III Mantle Cell LymphomaStage IV Mantle Cell LymphomaContiguous Stage II Mantle Cell LymphomaStage I Mantle Cell LymphomaNoncontiguous Stage II Mantle Cell Lymphoma
- Interventions
- Drug: bortezomibBiological: rituximabDrug: cyclophosphamideDrug: doxorubicin hydrochlorideDrug: vincristineDrug: dexamethasoneBiological: filgrastimBiological: pegfilgrastimProcedure: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT)
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-12
- Last Posted Date
- 2014-10-30
- Lead Sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Target Recruit Count
- 77
- Registration Number
- NCT00433537
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
A Phase I/II Trial of Romidepsin (Depsipeptide) and Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed Myeloma
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-06
- Last Posted Date
- 2011-08-12
- Lead Sponsor
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia
- Target Recruit Count
- 40
- Registration Number
- NCT00431990
- Locations
- 🇦🇺
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Combination Chemotherapy Based on Risk of Relapse in Treating Young Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Conditions
- Leukemia
- Interventions
- Drug: asparaginaseDrug: cyclophosphamideDrug: cytarabineDrug: daunorubicin hydrochlorideDrug: dexamethasoneDrug: doxorubicin hydrochlorideDrug: ifosfamideDrug: etoposideDrug: mercaptopurineDrug: methotrexateDrug: prednisoneDrug: thioguanineDrug: vincristine sulfateDrug: vindesineRadiation: radiation therapy
- First Posted Date
- 2007-02-01
- Last Posted Date
- 2013-05-29
- Lead Sponsor
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
- Target Recruit Count
- 4559
- Registration Number
- NCT00430118
- Locations
- 🇦🇹
LKH Leoben, Leoben, Austria
🇦🇹Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch-Tisis, Austria
🇦🇹Universitaet Kinderklinik, Graz, Austria
Combined Antiinflammatory and Angiostatic Therapy in Patients With Hormone-refractory Prostate Cancer
- Conditions
- Prostate Cancer
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2007-01-29
- Last Posted Date
- 2016-11-21
- Lead Sponsor
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals
- Target Recruit Count
- 67
- Registration Number
- NCT00427999
- Locations
- 🇩🇪
Novartis Investigative Site, Tübingen, Germany
Treatment Protocol for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis 2004
- Conditions
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Interventions
- Drug: DexamethasoneDrug: EtoposideDrug: CyclosporinProcedure: Intrathecal therapyProcedure: Stem cell transplant
- First Posted Date
- 2007-01-24
- Last Posted Date
- 2018-07-05
- Lead Sponsor
- Karolinska University Hospital
- Target Recruit Count
- 368
- Registration Number
- NCT00426101
- Locations
- 🇸🇪
Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
A Multicentre, Single-arm, Open-label Safety Study of Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone in Previously Treated Subjects With Multiple Myeloma
- First Posted Date
- 2007-01-11
- Last Posted Date
- 2012-05-21
- Lead Sponsor
- Celgene Corporation
- Target Recruit Count
- 587
- Registration Number
- NCT00420849
- Locations
- 🇦🇹
Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Montlearstrasse 37, Austria
🇮🇪St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
🇪🇸H. Clínico de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Dexamethasone and Chemotherapy With or Without Plasma Exchange in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma and Acute Kidney Failure
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell NeoplasmRenal Failure
- First Posted Date
- 2006-12-28
- Last Posted Date
- 2013-08-26
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Glasgow
- Target Recruit Count
- 280
- Registration Number
- NCT00416897
- Locations
- 🇬🇧
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧Saint Richards Hospital, Chichester, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, England, United Kingdom
Drug Development Updates
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