Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Effect of Intracameral Dexamethasone After Phacoemulsification in Diabetics on Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Phase 4

Withdrawn

Conditions: Corneal Endothelial Decompensation
Diabetes Mellitus
Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss
Dexamethasone Adverse Reaction

Interventions: Drug: Saline Solutions, Intraocular
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-12-05

Last Posted Date: 2019-07-24

Lead Sponsor: Cairo University

Registration Number: NCT03361709

Pevonedistat With VXLD Chemotherapy for Adolescent/Young Adults With Relapsed/Refractory ALL or Lymphoblastic NHL

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Pevonedistat
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: PEG-asparaginase
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Hydrocortisone

First Posted Date: 2017-11-21

Last Posted Date: 2022-10-20

Lead Sponsor: Julio Barredo, MD

Target Recruit Count: 6

Registration Number: NCT03349281

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States

Spectroscopic and Diffusion Weighted Analysis of the Effects of Dexamethasone on High Altitude Cerebral Oedema (HACE)

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: High Altitude Cerebral Edema

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-11-14

Last Posted Date: 2024-06-18

Lead Sponsor: University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust

Target Recruit Count: 10

Registration Number: NCT03341676

Locations: 🇬🇧
University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, West Midlands, United Kingdom

QLB and Laparoscopic Nephrectomy, Postoperative Pain and Recovery

Phase 4

Conditions: Postoperative Pain
Chronic Pain Post-Proceduraal
Nausea and Vomiting, Postoperative

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
Drug: Sodium Chloride 9mg/mL
Drug: Ropivacaine Hydrocloride

First Posted Date: 2017-11-13

Last Posted Date: 2021-12-23

Lead Sponsor: Tampere University Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 90

Registration Number: NCT03339284

Locations: 🇫🇮
Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

Dexamethasone Administration To Improve Patient Recovery In Ambulatory Vaginal Prolapse Surgery: Is There A Role?

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Quality of Recovery
Same Day Surgery
Nausea and Vomiting, Postoperative
Vaginal Prolapse

Interventions: Drug: Normal saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-11-09

Last Posted Date: 2021-04-14

Lead Sponsor: The Cleveland Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 51

Registration Number: NCT03338400

Locations: 🇺🇸
Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, United States

Carfilzomib, Cyclophosphamide, Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: cyclophosphamide

First Posted Date: 2017-11-08

Last Posted Date: 2022-09-07

Lead Sponsor: PETHEMA Foundation

Target Recruit Count: 199

Registration Number: NCT03336073

Locations: 🇪🇸
Hospital de León, León, Spain
🇪🇸
H. Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
🇪🇸
Hospital Universitario de Santiago, Santiago De Compostela, Spain

and more 21 locations

Study Evaluating the Safety of Rovalpituzumab Tesirine for Third-Line and Later Treatment of Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: Small Cell Lung Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Rovalpituzumab tesirine

First Posted Date: 2017-11-07

Last Posted Date: 2018-12-26

Lead Sponsor: AbbVie

Registration Number: NCT03334487

Locations: 🇺🇸
VA Central California Health C /ID# 170951, Fresno, California, United States
🇺🇸
St. Luke's University Hospital /ID# 171374, Duluth, Minnesota, United States
🇧🇷
Bahia Oncology Center - NOB /ID# 201272, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

and more 57 locations