Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Recurrent Leptomeningeal Metastases From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Leptomeningeal Metastases

Interventions: Drug: Pemetrexed
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Folic Acid
Drug: Vitamin B12

First Posted Date: 2017-04-05

Last Posted Date: 2019-03-19

Lead Sponsor: The First Hospital of Jilin University

Target Recruit Count: 13

Registration Number: NCT03101579

Locations: 🇨🇳
The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China

Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase Stratified Trial of Adjunctive Corticosteroids for HIV-uninfected Adults With Tuberculous Meningitis

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Tuberculosis
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Tuberculous Meningitis

Interventions: Other: Placebo
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-04-04

Last Posted Date: 2024-08-07

Lead Sponsor: Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam

Target Recruit Count: 720

Registration Number: NCT03100786

Locations: 🇻🇳
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
🇻🇳
Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
🇻🇳
Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Does Dexamethasone Administration Improve Recovery In Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy?

Not Applicable

Withdrawn

Conditions: Quality of Life
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Prolapses, Vaginal Vault

Interventions: Drug: Normal saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-03-29

Last Posted Date: 2020-02-05

Lead Sponsor: The Cleveland Clinic

Registration Number: NCT03094442

Locations: 🇺🇸
Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, United States

Adductor Canal Block With Periarticular Injection and IPACK (ACB/PAI/IPACK) Versus Periarticular Injection (PAI)

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Knee Arthropathy

Interventions: Drug: Bupivacaine with epinephrine
Drug: Methylprednisolone
Drug: Cefazolin
Device: 8 MHz. Chiba needle
Drug: Bupivacaine with Dexamethasone
Drug: Bupivacaine 25cc
Drug: Bupivacaine 20cc
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-03-29

Last Posted Date: 2024-12-27

Lead Sponsor: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York

Target Recruit Count: 86

Registration Number: NCT03094663

Locations: 🇺🇸
Hospital For Special Surgery, New York, New York, United States

Adjunctive Corticosteroids for Tuberculous Meningitis in HIV-infected Adults (The ACT HIV Trial)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Tuberculosis
IRIS
Tuberculous Meningitis
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
HIV

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Other: Placebo

First Posted Date: 2017-03-28

Last Posted Date: 2024-03-22

Lead Sponsor: Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam

Target Recruit Count: 520

Registration Number: NCT03092817

Locations: 🇻🇳
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
🇮🇩
Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
🇮🇩
Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia

and more 3 locations

Dexamethasone in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis

Phase 3

Conditions: HSV Encephalitis

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-03-21

Last Posted Date: 2020-09-04

Lead Sponsor: University Hospital, Grenoble

Target Recruit Count: 30

Registration Number: NCT03084783

Locations: 🇫🇷
CHRU de Nancy, Hopitaux de Brabois, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
🇫🇷
CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
🇫🇷
Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France

and more 5 locations