Acute Effects of Different Protein Sources and Different Glycemic Index on Energy Balance, Glucose Allostasis and Amino Acid Metabolism.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 48
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Differences in diet induced thermogenesis between the four test meals
研究概览
简要总结
The hypothesis is that seafood proteins given in combination with carbohydrates with low GI are superior to seafood proteins in combination with carbohydrates with high GI and meat in combination with both carbohydrates with low and high GI in promoting energy expenditure and satiety. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the acute effects of meals containing fish versus meat proteins on energy balance (thermogenesis, appetite regulating hormones and appetite sensations), markers of glucose allostatis and amino acid metabolism.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 50 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Healthy men and women
- •Between 18 and 50 years of age
- •BMI between 25.0 and 30.0 kg×m-2
- •Fasting blood glucose < 5.9 mmol/L (measured at the screenings visit)
- •Non-smoker
排除标准
- •Self-reported eating disorders or irregular eating schedule (e.g. skipping breakfast)
- •Chronic diseases (e.g. cancer, asthma, back pain, thyroid disease, heart disease, diabetes, neurological disorders, or sleep disorders)
- •Use currently or within the previous 3 months of prescription medication that has the potential of affecting body weight or glucose metabolism such as glucocorticoids (but excluding inhaled and topical steroids; bronchodilators are allowed), psychoactive medication, epileptic medication, or weight loss medications (either prescription, over the counter or herbal). Low dose antidepressants are allowed if they, in the judgement of the investigator, do not affect weight or participation to the study protocol. Levothyroxine for treatment of hypothyroidism is allowed if the participant has been on a stable dose for at least 3 months.
- •Women who are pregnant, breast-feeding or have intention of becoming pregnant during the study period
- •Menopausal women and women with an irregular menstrual cycle
- •Food allergies
- •Substance abuse
- •Vigorous physical activity more than 10 hours/week
- •Alcohol intake above the recommendations from the Danish Health and Medicines Authority
- •Caffeine intake above 300 mg/day
- •Night- or shift work
- •Blood donation <1 month before study commencement and during study period
- •Simultaneous participation in other clinical studies
- •Inability, physically or mentally, to comply with the procedures required by the study protocol, as evaluated by the study staff
- •Subject's general condition contraindicates continuing the study, as judged by the study personnel or the medical expert
研究组 & 干预措施
Salmon vs. veal and CHO with low or high GI
In the first clinical study (Study 1), subjects will eat salmon or veal combined with high or low GI carbohydrates. Each subject will be engaged in each of the following four 1-day test meals:
- Meat balls with salmon served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with salmon served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
干预措施: Fish and carbohydrats with low or high GI (Other)
Salmon vs. veal and CHO with low or high GI
In the first clinical study (Study 1), subjects will eat salmon or veal combined with high or low GI carbohydrates. Each subject will be engaged in each of the following four 1-day test meals:
- Meat balls with salmon served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with salmon served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
干预措施: Veal and carbohydrats with low or high GI (Other)
Cod vs. veal and CHO with low or high GI
In the second clinical study (Study 2), subjects will eat codfish or veal combined with high or low GI carbohydrates. Each subject will be engaged in each of the following four 1-day test meals:
- Meat balls with codfish served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with codfish served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
干预措施: Fish and carbohydrats with low or high GI (Other)
Cod vs. veal and CHO with low or high GI
In the second clinical study (Study 2), subjects will eat codfish or veal combined with high or low GI carbohydrates. Each subject will be engaged in each of the following four 1-day test meals:
- Meat balls with codfish served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with codfish served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with low GI
- Meat balls with veal served with tomato sauce and other accompaniments with high GI
干预措施: Veal and carbohydrats with low or high GI (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Differences in diet induced thermogenesis between the four test meals
时间窗: 3 hours
In the following three hours after eating the test meal respiratory gas exchange will be measured 6x25 minutes with 5 minutes breaks in between each measurement. Diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) will be measured by indirect calorimetry using a ventilated hood system. Each measurement will last for 25 minutes of which the last 20 minutes will be used for calculation of energy expenditure.
次要结局
- Insulin(3 hours)
- Glucagon(3 hours)
- C-peptide(3 hours)
- Plasma amino acids(3 hours)
- Appetite regulating hormones(3 hours)
- Glycerol(3 hours)
- Glucose(3 hours)
- Food preferences(3 hours)
- Satiety(3 hours)
- Free fatty acids(3 hours)
研究者
Anne Birgitte Raben
Professor
University of Copenhagen