Carvedilol is a racemic mixture where the S(-) enantiomer is both a beta and alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker, and the R(+) enantiomer is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker. It is currently used to treat heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and hypertension. The dual action of carvedilol is advantageous in combination therapies as moderate doses of 2 drugs have a decreased incidence of adverse effects compared to high dose monotherapy in the treatment of moderate hypertension.
Carvedilol was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1995.
Carvedilol is indicated to treat mild to severe heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction with ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, or hypertension.
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyounggi, Korea, Republic of
Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, Houston, Texas, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering West Harrison, Harrison, New York, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Takezawa Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Rutgers NJ Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
Beijing Tongren hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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