Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

The Effect of Dexamethasone on Sugammadex Reversal

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Incomplete Reversal of Neuromuscular Block

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2014-05-13

Last Posted Date: 2015-08-13

Lead Sponsor: Cukurova University

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT02137395

Locations: 🇹🇷
Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey

Addition of Daratumumab to Combination of Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: VELCADE (Bortezomib)
Drug: Daratumumab
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2014-05-12

Last Posted Date: 2024-03-13

Lead Sponsor: Janssen Research & Development, LLC

Target Recruit Count: 498

Registration Number: NCT02136134

Clofarabine, Idarubicin, Cytarabine, Vincristine Sulfate, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed or Relapsed Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia
Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage
Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, B/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified
Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia
Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, T/Myeloid, Not Otherwise Specified
Acute Bilineal Leukemia
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
Recurrent Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Clofarabine
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Idarubicin
Biological: Rituximab
Drug: Sorafenib
Drug: Sorafenib Tosylate
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Vincristine Sulfate

First Posted Date: 2014-05-12

Last Posted Date: 2024-03-22

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 16

Registration Number: NCT02135874

Locations: 🇺🇸
M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

A Safety and Efficacy Study of Dexamethasone Versus Laser Photocoagulation in Participants With Diabetic Macular Edema

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Macular Edema

Interventions: Procedure: Laser Photocoagulation
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2014-04-23

Last Posted Date: 2020-11-17

Lead Sponsor: Allergan

Target Recruit Count: 284

Registration Number: NCT02121262

Locations: 🇨🇳
Wenzhou Ophthalmic Centre, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
🇵🇭
Peregrine Eye and Laser Institute, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
🇨🇳
Beijing Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China

and more 15 locations

Ixazomib Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma
Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: ixazomib citrate
Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: pomalidomide

First Posted Date: 2014-04-21

Last Posted Date: 2024-03-15

Lead Sponsor: City of Hope Medical Center

Target Recruit Count: 32

Registration Number: NCT02119468

Locations: 🇺🇸
Emory University/Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
🇺🇸
City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States
🇺🇸
Sarah Cannon Research Institute (SCRI), Nashville, Tennessee, United States

and more 1 locations

Carfilzomib/SAHA Combined With High-Dose Gemcitabine/Busulfan/Melphalan With Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Myeloma

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: SAHA
Drug: Gemcitabine
Drug: Busulfan
Drug: Melphalan
Procedure: Stem Cell Transplant (SCT)
Drug: Palifermin
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Caphosol
Drug: Glutamine
Drug: Pyridoxine

First Posted Date: 2014-04-15

Last Posted Date: 2014-07-11

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Registration Number: NCT02114502

Dexamethasone for Reduction of Post Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Conditions: Chronic Pain
Dexamethasone
Thoracic Surgery
Cytokines

Interventions: Drug: Normal Saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2014-04-14

Last Posted Date: 2023-03-20

Lead Sponsor: Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT02112864

Locations: 🇨🇦
Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Bortezomib in Treating Younger Patients With Newly Diagnosed T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Stage II-IV T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Phase 3

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Adult T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Ann Arbor Stage II Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Ann Arbor Stage II Childhood Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Ann Arbor Stage III Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Ann Arbor Stage III Childhood Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Ann Arbor Stage IV Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Ann Arbor Stage IV Childhood Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Childhood T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Daunorubicin
Drug: Daunorubicin Hydrochloride
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Drug: Etoposide
Drug: Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate
Drug: Ifosfamide
Drug: Leucovorin Calcium
Drug: Mercaptopurine
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Pegaspargase
Radiation: Radiation Therapy
Drug: Thioguanine
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Vincristine Sulfate

First Posted Date: 2014-04-14

Last Posted Date: 2025-01-07

Lead Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Target Recruit Count: 847

Registration Number: NCT02112916

Locations: 🇺🇸
Covenant Children's Hospital, Lubbock, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
UMC Cancer Center / UMC Health System, Lubbock, Texas, United States
🇦🇺
Monash Medical Center-Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

and more 209 locations