Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Clinical Activity of Metformin With High-dose of Dexamethasone in Relapse Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Metformin XR
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-18

Last Posted Date: 2017-05-02

Lead Sponsor: University of Campinas, Brazil

Target Recruit Count: 28

Registration Number: NCT02967276

Locations: 🇧🇷
UOPECCAN - Hospital do Câncer de Cascavel, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
🇧🇷
Hemocentro - Hospital de Clínicas - State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil

Thalidomide/Dexamethasone Treatment And PET Evaluation In Organ Involvemenet of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Phase 2

Conditions: Cardiac Amyloidosis

Interventions: Drug: Thalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-17

Last Posted Date: 2017-10-26

Lead Sponsor: Seoul National University Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 30

Registration Number: NCT02966522

Locations: 🇰🇷
Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of

A Study of Melphalan Flufenamide (Melflufen) Plus Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Melphalan flufenamide (Melflufen)
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-15

Last Posted Date: 2022-11-22

Lead Sponsor: Oncopeptides AB

Target Recruit Count: 157

Registration Number: NCT02963493

Locations: 🇺🇸
Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
🇺🇸
Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States
🇺🇸
Baylor, Dallas, Texas, United States

and more 17 locations

Panobinostat Combined With High-Dose Gemcitabine/Busulfan/Melphalan With Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Patients With Refractory/Relapsed Lymphoma

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Palifermin
Drug: Panobinostat
Drug: Gemcitabine
Drug: Busulfan
Drug: Melphalan
Drug: Rituximab
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Caphosol
Drug: Glutamine
Other: Oral Cryotherapy (ice chips)
Drug: Pyridoxine
Biological: Stem Cell Infusion
Drug: G-CSF

First Posted Date: 2016-11-11

Last Posted Date: 2017-04-21

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Registration Number: NCT02961816

Cyclophosphamide-Bortezomib-Dexamethasone (CyBorD) With Daratumumab (DARA)

Phase 1

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Daratumumab
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-04

Last Posted Date: 2018-03-29

Lead Sponsor: National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT02955810

Locations: 🇮🇪
Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland

Testing JNJ-42756493 In Combination With Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma That Came Back After a Period of Improvement

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma
Relapsed/Refractory

Interventions: Drug: JNJ-42756493
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-02

Last Posted Date: 2020-09-17

Lead Sponsor: University Health Network, Toronto

Target Recruit Count: 20

Registration Number: NCT02952573

Locations: 🇨🇦
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

A Study to Evaluate Dara-CyBorD in Previously Untreated and Relapsed Subjects With Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Daratumumab
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-01

Last Posted Date: 2021-10-08

Lead Sponsor: Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC

Target Recruit Count: 101

Registration Number: NCT02951819

A Study of Venetoclax and ABBV-838 Combination Therapy With Dexamethasone in Participants With Multiple Myeloma Whose Cancer Has Come Back or Had No Response to Recent Cancer Treatment

Phase 1

Withdrawn

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Venetoclax
Drug: ABBV-838
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2016-11-01

Last Posted Date: 2017-06-05

Lead Sponsor: AbbVie

Registration Number: NCT02951117

Locations: 🇦🇺
St Vincent´s Hospital /ID# 153022, Darlinghurst, Australia
🇦🇺
The Alfred Hospital /ID# 150202, Prahran, Australia
🇦🇺
St. Vincents Hospital Melbourne /ID# 157925, Fitzroy, Australia