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Dexamethasone

Generic Name
Dexamethasone
Brand Names
Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C22H29FO5
CAS Number
50-02-2
Unique Ingredient Identifier
7S5I7G3JQL
Background

Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication

Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions
Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
Associated Therapies
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Clinical Trials
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Imatinib Mesylate and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 3
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia
T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Drug: Calaspargase Pegol
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Drug: Dexamethasone
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Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Pegaspargase
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First Posted Date
2017-01-02
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Lead Sponsor
Children's Oncology Group
Target Recruit Count
475
Registration Number
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Locations
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Henry Ford Health Saint John Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States

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Children's Hospital of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States

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USA Health Strada Patient Care Center, Mobile, Alabama, United States

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The Effect of Zinc, β-carotene, and Vitamin D3 in Preterm Delivery Through Placental MyD88, TRIF, NFkB, and IL-1β

First Posted Date
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56
Registration Number
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2015-12: a Study Exploring the Use of Early and Late Consolidation/Maintenance Therapy

First Posted Date
2016-12-28
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Lead Sponsor
University of Arkansas
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50
Registration Number
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Locations
🇺🇸

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Dexamethasone for Cardiac Surgery-II Trial

Phase 4
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Inflammatory Response
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2016-12-23
Last Posted Date
2023-01-11
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Target Recruit Count
1956
Registration Number
NCT03002259
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Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Trial of Venetoclax (ABT-199) and Dexamethasone for Relapsed or Refractory Systemic AL Amyloidosis

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Drug: Venetoclax
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First Posted Date
2016-12-22
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2020-08-21
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Target Recruit Count
3
Registration Number
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Locations
🇺🇸

Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

2015-09: A Phase II Randomized, Open-label Study of Anti-signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Monoclonal Antibody During Maintenance Therapy

Phase 2
Withdrawn
Conditions
Multiple Myeloma
Interventions
Drug: Elotuzumab
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2016-12-22
Last Posted Date
2017-04-14
Lead Sponsor
University of Arkansas
Registration Number
NCT03000634

Safety and Efficacy of Isatuximab in Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 2
Terminated
Conditions
T-lymphoblastic Lymphoma/Leukaemia
T-cell Type Acute Leukemia-Precursor
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Drug: dexamethasone
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Registration Number
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Investigational Site Number 8400002, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

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Investigational Site Number 2460001, Helsinki, Finland

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Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for Persistent Macular Thickening and Edema After Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane

Not Applicable
Terminated
Conditions
Macular Edema
Epiretinal Membrane
Vitrectomy
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2016-12-16
Last Posted Date
2018-10-03
Lead Sponsor
Wills Eye
Target Recruit Count
3
Registration Number
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Locations
🇺🇸

Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

The Effects of Dexamethasone Administration on Jaundice Following Liver Resection

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Jaundice
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Bilirubinaemia
Hepatectomy
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2016-12-13
Last Posted Date
2021-06-10
Lead Sponsor
Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital
Target Recruit Count
76
Registration Number
NCT02991339
Locations
🇨🇳

180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Multinational Clinical Study Comparing Isatuximab, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone to Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in Refractory or Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients

Phase 3
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Conditions
Plasma Cell Myeloma
Interventions
Drug: Isatuximab
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First Posted Date
2016-12-13
Last Posted Date
2023-11-18
Lead Sponsor
Sanofi
Target Recruit Count
307
Registration Number
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Locations
🇨🇿

Investigational Site Number : 2030001, Olomouc, Czechia

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Investigational Site Number : 2030004, Hradec Kralove, Czechia

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