Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

TPI Medication Comparison - Ketorolac, Lidocaine, or Dexamethasone

Phase 4

Terminated

Conditions: Myofascial Pain

Interventions: Drug: Ketorolac
Drug: Lidocaine
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-01-23

Last Posted Date: 2020-11-18

Lead Sponsor: University of Utah

Target Recruit Count: 10

Registration Number: NCT03028012

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Utah Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Safety and Efficacy of Blinatumomab in Adults With Newly Diagnosed High-risk Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: High-risk Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Blinatumomab
Drug: Investigator's Choice Chemotherapy
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-01-18

Last Posted Date: 2020-09-14

Lead Sponsor: Amgen

Target Recruit Count: 47

Registration Number: NCT03023878

Locations: 🇬🇧
Research Site, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Nivolumab Role in the Treatment of Patients With Refractory or Relapse Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Nivolumab
Drug: Pomalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Elotuzumab

First Posted Date: 2017-01-18

Last Posted Date: 2018-05-23

Lead Sponsor: PETHEMA Foundation

Target Recruit Count: 6

Registration Number: NCT03023527

Locations: 🇪🇸
Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
🇪🇸
ICO Badalona, Badalona, Spain
🇪🇸
Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

and more 9 locations

Neostigmine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Lidocaine During Intravenous Local Anesthesia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Adjuvants, Anesthesia

Interventions: Drug: Neostigmine
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2017-01-16

Last Posted Date: 2019-01-23

Lead Sponsor: Assiut University

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT03021772

Locations: 🇪🇬
Assiut university hospital, Assiut, Egypt

Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children and Adolescents

Phase 3

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Pediatric

Interventions: Drug: Pegaspargase
Drug: Erwinia asparaginase
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: DEXAMETHASONE
Drug: CYTARABINE
Drug: DASATINIB
Drug: LEUCOVORIN CALCIUM
Drug: Dexrazoxane
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: MERCAPTOPURINE
Drug: METHOTREXATE
Drug: ETOPOSIDE
Drug: HYDROCORTISONE
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: NELARABINE

First Posted Date: 2017-01-13

Last Posted Date: 2025-01-03

Lead Sponsor: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Target Recruit Count: 560

Registration Number: NCT03020030

Locations: 🇺🇸
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
🇺🇸
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
🇨🇦
Hospital Sainte Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

and more 6 locations

Treatment Algorithm for Nausea and Vomiting in the Palliative Phase

Phase 4

Conditions: Vomiting
Cancer
Nausea

Interventions: Drug: metoclopramide
Drug: granisetron
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Granisetron 2Mg Tablet

First Posted Date: 2017-01-11

Last Posted Date: 2017-01-11

Lead Sponsor: Radboud University Medical Center

Target Recruit Count: 20

Registration Number: NCT03017391

Ibrutinib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma Ineligible for Transplant

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma
Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ibrutinib
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Lenalidomide
Other: Pharmacological Study
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment

First Posted Date: 2017-01-10

Last Posted Date: 2023-03-07

Lead Sponsor: Mayo Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT03015792

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Ixazomib Citrate, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone, and Daratumumab in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Plasma Cell Myeloma

Interventions: Biological: Daratumumab
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ixazomib Citrate
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Lenalidomide
Other: Questionnaire Administration