Effects of Exercise Mode on Cardiac Fat and Function

Not Applicable

Terminated

• Conditions: Obesity
• Interventions: Other: Resistance training; Other: Aerobic interval training

• Registration Number: NCT03297333
• Lead Sponsor: Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

Brief Summary

The overall goal of this project is to study the effects of exercise energy expenditure matched vigorous dynamic resistance training and aerobic training on cardiac fat, and its relationship to cardiac function and geometry using cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Detailed Description

Exercise-induced weight-loss is one of the most common strategies for reducing excess fat in overweight and obese individuals. Although vigorous intensity may be more favorable promoting positive cardiac adaptations compared to low-moderate intensity, evidence of the positive effects of different exercise modes needs to be explored to allow for realistic comparisons with other strategies. Research using cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging that compares the effects of different modes of exercise - matched by exercise energy expenditure - on epicardial adipose tissue and paracardial adipose tissue, and how these interventions modify cardiac function and geometry have not been previously explored in obesity.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2017-09-26
• Study First Submitted QC: 2017-09-28
• Study First Posted: 2017-09-29
• Study Start: 2017-10-01
• Status Verified: 2019-07
• Primary Completion: 2020-03-16
• Study Completion: 2020-03-16
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-09-27
• Last Update Posted: 2021-10-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: TERMINATED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 18

Inclusion Criteria

• Sedentary
• Caucasian
• BMI >30 kg/m2 and < 39.9 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria

• Known cardiovascular, metabolic, pulmonary disease or conditions
• Muscular-skeletal injuries
• Taking medications that affect endocrine or cardiovascular function
• Hypertension
• Being engaged in low intensity strength training more than two times per week or moderate-high intensity of any type of frequency
• Being pregnant
• Cigarette smoking
• Having non-removable pieces or devices incompatible with DXA and CMR assessment.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Resistance training group	Resistance training	Resistance training will consist of a supervised circuit training 3 sessions/week for approximately 45-50 min/session. The circuit will include 7 strength exercises engaging the major muscle groups (leg press, rows, back squats, weighted crunches, deadlifts, bench press, and squat jumps with weights). The participants will perform 3 sets of 10 repetitions with resting periods of 30 seconds between exercises, and 2 minutes between sets. The overall OMNI-Resistance Exercise Scale per set will range between 8-10. Heart rate and exercise energy expenditure during the workout will be monitored. The load will be changed depending on the participants' perception when needed. In addition, the intensity will be monitored assessing Lactate concentrations at baseline and at the end of each session. Circuit will be repeated until meeting the targeted exercise energy expenditure of 450-500 kcal/session.
Aerobic interval training group	Aerobic interval training	Aerobic interval will consist of a supervised aerobic interval training sessions 3 times/week. Duration will range between 45-50 min/session depending on the exercise energy expenditure. Each interval will have a total duration of 5 min, and it will be divided into 2 periods. The first period will consist of 3 minutes of high-intensity activity, and the second period the intensity will be reduced for 2 minutes. The speed/incline will be changed depending on the participants' heart rate and perception using the Borg's rating of perceived exertion as needed. Heart rate and exercise energy expenditure during the workout will be monitored. Intensity will be monitored assessing Lactate concentrations at the end of each session. Intervals will be repeated until meeting the targeted exercise energy expenditure (450-500 kcal/session).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Changes in Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	EAT will be measured using cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Changes in Vascular Health	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	Atrial stiffness will be measured using a pulse wave analysis

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Changes in Muscular Strength	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	Muscular Strength will be assessed by 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test
Changes in Paracardial adipose tissue (PAT)	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	PAT will be measured using cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Changes in Cardiorespiratory Function	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	Cardiorespiratory Function will be measured on a treadmill with a metabolic cart
Changes in Body Composition	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4	Body composition will be measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Southern Illinois University of Edwardsville; 🇺🇸 Edwardsville, Illinois, United States