MedPath

Chloroquine

Generic Name
Chloroquine
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C18H26ClN3
CAS Number
54-05-7
Unique Ingredient Identifier
886U3H6UFF
Background

Chloroquine is an aminoquinolone derivative first developed in the 1940s for the treatment of malaria. It was the drug of choice to treat malaria until the development of newer antimalarials such as pyrimethamine, artemisinin, and mefloquine. Chloroquine and its derivative hydroxychloroquine have since been repurposed for the treatment of a number of other conditions including HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Chloroquine was granted FDA Approval on 31 October 1949.

Indication

Chloroquine is indicated to treat infections of P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum. It is also used to treat extraintestinal amebiasis.

Chloroquine is also used off label for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, as well as treatment and prophylaxis of Zika virus. Chloroquine is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19.

Associated Conditions
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Extraintestinal Amebiasis, Malaria, Polymorphic Light Eruption (PLE), Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Acute, uncomplicated Malaria
Clinical Trials
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