Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Pomalidomide in Combination With High Dose Dexamethasone and Oral Cyclophosphamide

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Pomalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Cyclophosphamide

First Posted Date: 2011-09-13

Last Posted Date: 2017-05-23

Lead Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Target Recruit Count: 80

Registration Number: NCT01432600

Locations: 🇺🇸
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States
🇺🇸
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
🇺🇸
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York, United States

Ph 1b Study to Evaluate GSK2110183 in Combination With Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Subjects With Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: GSK2110183
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-09-05

Last Posted Date: 2018-08-08

Lead Sponsor: Novartis

Target Recruit Count: 90

Registration Number: NCT01428492

Locations: 🇨🇳
Novartis Investigative Site, Taipei, Taiwan

Combination Chemotherapy and Ponatinib Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 2

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Complete Remission
B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1
Blast Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
Philadelphia Chromosome Positive
Untreated Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Methotrexate
Drug: Ponatinib
Drug: Ponatinib Hydrochloride
Drug: Prednisone
Biological: Rituximab
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Vincristine Sulfate

First Posted Date: 2011-08-29

Last Posted Date: 2024-05-28

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 88

Registration Number: NCT01424982

Locations: 🇺🇸
M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Effect of Longer-term Adrenal Suppression Using Low Dose Hydrocortisone on Androgen Overproduction

Early Phase 1

Withdrawn

Conditions: Obesity
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Hyperandrogenemia

Interventions: Drug: Hydrocortisone
Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: Cosyntropin
Drug: rhCG

First Posted Date: 2011-08-24

Last Posted Date: 2018-07-19

Lead Sponsor: University of Virginia

Registration Number: NCT01422733

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Virginia Center for Research in Reproduction, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Ovarian Contribution to Androgen Production in Adolescent Girls

Not Applicable

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Obesity
Hyperandrogenism

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: rhCG

First Posted Date: 2011-08-23

Last Posted Date: 2023-10-27

Lead Sponsor: University of Virginia

Target Recruit Count: 80

Registration Number: NCT01421810

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Virginia Center for Research in Reproduction, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Evaluation of Adrenal Androgens in Normal and Obese Girls After Suppression and Stimulation

Not Applicable

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Obesity
Hyperandrogenemia
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Cortrosyn

First Posted Date: 2011-08-23

Last Posted Date: 2023-10-27

Lead Sponsor: University of Virginia

Target Recruit Count: 84

Registration Number: NCT01421797

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Virginia Center for Research in Reproduction, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

A Phase 1/2a Study of Human Anti-CD 38 Antibody MOR03087 (MOR202) in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: MOR03087 phase 1 dose escalation
Drug: MOR03087
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Pomalidomide
Drug: Lenalidomide

First Posted Date: 2011-08-22

Last Posted Date: 2021-11-16

Lead Sponsor: MorphoSys AG

Target Recruit Count: 91

Registration Number: NCT01421186

Locations: 🇦🇹
AKH (Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien), Abteilung für Klinische Onkologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, Vienna, Austria
🇩🇪
Medizinische Klinik II, Abt. Hämatologie, Onkologie,, Tübingen, Germany
🇩🇪
Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Studienambulanz für Hämatologie/Onkologie und Infektiologie, Würzburg, Germany

and more 7 locations

Ixazomib Citrate in Treating Patients With Relapsed Multiple Myeloma That Is Not Refractory to Bortezomib

Phase 2

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma
Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Biological: Daratumumab
Drug: Ixazomib Citrate
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis

First Posted Date: 2011-08-12

Last Posted Date: 2024-06-13

Lead Sponsor: Mayo Clinic

Target Recruit Count: 165

Registration Number: NCT01415882

Locations: 🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
🇺🇸
Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States