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Dexamethasone

Generic Name
Dexamethasone
Brand Names
Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C22H29FO5
CAS Number
50-02-2
Unique Ingredient Identifier
7S5I7G3JQL
Background

Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication

Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions
Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
Associated Therapies
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Clinical Trials
Related News

Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone Followed by Daratumumab, Ixazomib, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma
Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma
Interventions
Drug: Bortezomib
Biological: Daratumumab
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ixazomib
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
First Posted Date
2018-12-04
Last Posted Date
2024-12-17
Lead Sponsor
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Target Recruit Count
40
Registration Number
NCT03763162
Locations
🇺🇸

M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

High-Dose Steroid for Knee Arthroplasty

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Postoperative Pain
Surgery
Perioperative/Postoperative Complications
Knee Osteoarthritis
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2018-11-29
Last Posted Date
2022-03-10
Lead Sponsor
Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre
Target Recruit Count
160
Registration Number
NCT03758170
Locations
🇩🇰

Hvidovre Hospital, Capital Region of Denmark., Hvidovre, Denmark

🇩🇰

Vejle Sygehus, Vejle, Denmark

Regional Anesthesia to Reduce Opioid Use Following Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Pain Management
Interventions
Drug: Bupivacaine
Drug: Dexamethasone
First Posted Date
2018-11-29
Last Posted Date
2022-08-31
Lead Sponsor
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Target Recruit Count
46
Registration Number
NCT03757715
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States

CURATE.AI Optimized Modulation for Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2
Recruiting
Conditions
Multiple Myeloma
Interventions
Other: CURATE.AI-Guided dosage modulation
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Thalidomide
Drug: Lenalidomide
First Posted Date
2018-11-29
Last Posted Date
2023-09-06
Lead Sponsor
National University Hospital, Singapore
Target Recruit Count
20
Registration Number
NCT03759093
Locations
🇸🇬

National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Carfilzomib, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With High-Risk Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Plasma Cell Myeloma
Interventions
Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Pomalidomide
First Posted Date
2018-11-28
Last Posted Date
2024-03-08
Lead Sponsor
Emory University
Target Recruit Count
29
Registration Number
NCT03756896
Locations
🇺🇸

Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

NSAID vs Steroid in Trabeculectomy Wound Management

Phase 4
Conditions
Glaucoma
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Bromfenac 0.07% Oph Susp
First Posted Date
2018-11-23
Last Posted Date
2020-10-19
Lead Sponsor
Cindy Hutnik
Target Recruit Count
150
Registration Number
NCT03751059

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Prophylactic Intraligamentary Injection of Dexamethasone and Piroxicam on Postoperative Pain in Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis

First Posted Date
2018-11-19
Last Posted Date
2018-11-23
Lead Sponsor
Cairo University
Target Recruit Count
42
Registration Number
NCT03745105

Etoposide in the First-line Treatment of Adult EBV-HLH

Phase 3
Conditions
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Interventions
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Etoposide
Drug: IVIG
First Posted Date
2018-11-15
Last Posted Date
2018-11-15
Lead Sponsor
Beijing Friendship Hospital
Target Recruit Count
90
Registration Number
NCT03742115
Locations
🇨🇳

Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China

Treatment for Elderly Fit Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients Aged Between 65 and 80 Years

Phase 3
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Interventions
Drug: Lenalidomide.
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Daratumumab
Drug: Prednisone
Drug: Melphalan
First Posted Date
2018-11-15
Last Posted Date
2022-09-14
Lead Sponsor
PETHEMA Foundation
Target Recruit Count
462
Registration Number
NCT03742297
Locations
🇪🇸

Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain

🇪🇸

Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain

🇪🇸

Complejo Hospitalario Regional Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain

and more 55 locations

Ribociclib in Combination With Everolimus and Dexamethasone in Relapsed ALL

Phase 1
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ALL
Interventions
Drug: Ribociclib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Everolimus
First Posted Date
2018-11-14
Last Posted Date
2024-10-24
Lead Sponsor
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Target Recruit Count
45
Registration Number
NCT03740334
Locations
🇺🇸

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

🇺🇸

Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States

🇺🇸

Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States

and more 9 locations
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