Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Plus Docetaxel Versus Placebo Plus Docetaxel in Chemotherapy-naïve Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) (MK-3475-921/KEYNOTE-921)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Prostatic Neoplasms

Interventions: Biological: Pembrolizumab
Drug: Docetaxel
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Prednisone
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2019-02-08

Last Posted Date: 2024-07-18

Lead Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

Target Recruit Count: 1030

Registration Number: NCT03834506

Locations: 🇨🇦
Lakeridge Health ( Site 0117), Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
🇨🇦
Sunnybrook Research Institute ( Site 0108), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
🇺🇸
Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Center ( Site 0042), Chicago, Illinois, United States

and more 212 locations

An Open-label, Dose Escalation Study in Japanese Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Who Have Failed Prior Anti Myeloma Treatments

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Belantamab mafodotin
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Pomalidomide

First Posted Date: 2019-02-04

Last Posted Date: 2023-11-14

Lead Sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline

Target Recruit Count: 15

Registration Number: NCT03828292

Locations: 🇯🇵
GSK Investigational Site, Tokyo, Japan

STUDY COMPARING TWO STANDARD TREATMENTS IN AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION INELIGIBLE POPULATION AFFECTED BY MULTIPLE MYELOMA

Phase 4

Recruiting

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Velcade
Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Melphalan
Drug: Daratumumab
Drug: Prednisone

First Posted Date: 2019-02-04

Last Posted Date: 2024-05-08

Lead Sponsor: University of Turin, Italy

Target Recruit Count: 450

Registration Number: NCT03829371

Locations: 🇮🇹
Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Torino, TO, Italy

Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block for Back Surgery

Phase 3

Conditions: Surgery
Nerve Block
Back Pain
Spinal Fusion
Anaesthesia
Pain, Postoperative
Anesthesia, Local

Interventions: Procedure: Erector spinae plane block
Drug: Levobupivacaine 0,25%
Procedure: spine fusion
Drug: NaCL 0,9%
Drug: Sufentanil
Drug: propofol
Drug: Rocuronium Bromide
Drug: sevoflurane
Drug: paracetamol
Drug: Ketorolac
Drug: morphine pca
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Morphine

First Posted Date: 2019-01-31

Last Posted Date: 2022-08-05

Lead Sponsor: Dr M. B. Breebaart

Target Recruit Count: 80

Registration Number: NCT03825198

Locations: 🇧🇪
University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
🇧🇪
AZ KLina, Brasschaat, Antwerp, Belgium

Single Shot Liposomal Bupivicaine in Rotator Cuff Surgery

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative
Rotator Cuff Tear

Interventions: Drug: liposomal bupivicaine
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2019-01-30

Last Posted Date: 2020-11-12

Lead Sponsor: Indiana University

Target Recruit Count: 78

Registration Number: NCT03822182

Locations: 🇺🇸
American Health Network, Avon, Indiana, United States

PO Ixazomib in Combination With Chemotherapy for Childhood Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, Childhood
ALL, Childhood
Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute, Childhood

Interventions: Drug: Ixazomib
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Asparaginase
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Methotrexate (IT)
Drug: Triple IT (Methotrexate, Hydrocortisone, Cytarabine)
Drug: Leucovorin

First Posted Date: 2019-01-25

Last Posted Date: 2024-02-22

Lead Sponsor: Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia Consortium

Target Recruit Count: 31

Registration Number: NCT03817320

Locations: 🇺🇸
Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor University, Houston, Texas, United States
🇺🇸
Children's Hospital Orange County, Orange, California, United States
🇺🇸
Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States

and more 15 locations

A Nationwide Phase 2 Trial of Patients With Smoldering and Active Multiple Myeloma (MM)

Phase 2

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Carfilzomib
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Lenalidomide

First Posted Date: 2019-01-24

Last Posted Date: 2019-08-16

Lead Sponsor: Landspitali University Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 80

Registration Number: NCT03815279

Locations: 🇮🇸
Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland

Study to Demonstrate Clinical Benefit of Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone

Phase 2

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2019-01-18

Last Posted Date: 2023-06-22

Lead Sponsor: Kosin University Gospel Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 70

Registration Number: NCT03809780

Locations: 🇰🇷
Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Western, Korea, Republic of

Low-Intensity Chemotherapy and Venetoclax in Treating Patients with Relapsed or Refractory B- or T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Recurrent B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Recurrent T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Refractory B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Refractory T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia