MedPath

Chlorhexidine

Generic Name
Chlorhexidine
Brand Names
Betasept, Hibiclens, Instillagel, Nupro Chlorhexidine, Oris, Oro-Clense, Paroex, Perichlor, Peridex, Periochip, Periogard, Prevora, X-pur
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C22H30Cl2N10
CAS Number
55-56-1
Unique Ingredient Identifier
R4KO0DY52L
Background

Chlorhexidine is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial biguanide used as a topical antiseptic and in dental practice for the treatment of inflammatory dental conditions caused by microorganisms. It is one of the most common skin and mucous membrane antiseptic agents in use today. The molecule itself is a cationic bis-guanide consisting of two 4-chlorophenyl rings and two biguanide groups joined by a central hexamethylene chain. Topical chlorhexidine for disinfection, as well as oral rinses for dental use, carries activity against a broad range of pathogens including bacteria, yeasts, and viruses.

Chlorhexidine was developed in the UK by Imperial Chemical Industries in the early 1950s and was introduced to the US in the 1970s. The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of chlorhexidine gluconate topical tincture 0.5%, due to a significant number of reports concerning chemical and thermal burns associated with the use of this product. Other formulations of chlorhexidine continue to be available.

Indication

Chlorhexidine is available over-the-counter in various formulations (e.g. solution, sponge, cloth, swab) as a topical antiseptic to sanitize prior to surgeries and/or medical procedures. Dental formulations, available by prescription only, include an oral rinse indicated for the treatment of gingivitis and a slow-release "chip" which is inserted into periodontal pockets and is indicated for the reduction of pocket depth in adult patients with periodontitis as an adjunct therapy to dental scaling and root planing procedures.

Associated Conditions
Aphthous ulcer, Catarrh of the throat, Chemotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis, Chronic Wounds, Decubitus Ulcer, Dental Cavity, Dysphagia, Eczema infected, Foeter Ex Ore, Gingival Bleeding, Gingival Diseases, Gingivitis, Glossitis, Hoarseness, Infection, Infectious Periodontal Diseases, Injury Throat, Mild to Moderate Inflammatory Reaction of the Oral Cavity, Mild to Moderate Inflammatory Reaction of the Pharynx, Mouth injury, Mucositis, Neurodermatitis, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Irritation, Oral Aphthous Ulcer, Pain, Periodontitis, Pharyngitis, Plaque, Dental, Postoperative Wound Infection, Purulent Gingivitis, Radiation Mucositis, Red eye, Ringworm, Skin Infections, Sore Throat, Stomatitis, Surgical Wounds, Tissue Damage, Tonsillitis, Ulcers, Leg, Wound Infections, Bacterial skin infections, Dry, cracked skin, Gum pain, Moderate Gingivitis, Oral infections, Oral lesions, Recurrent Oral fungal infection, Severe Gingivitis, Superficial Wounds, Throat disinfection, Tongue inflammation
Associated Therapies
Anesthesia of Mucous Membrane, Antimicrobial Therapy, Contact Lens Care, Disinfection, Disinfection of External Genitalia, Disinfection of the Urethra, Disinfection of the Vaginal Mucosa, Irrigation therapy, Lubrication of the Urethra, Oral Care, Oral Hygiene, Oropharyngeal antisepsis, Promotion of wound healing, Skin disinfection, Surgical Scrubbing, Topical Antisepsis, Urethral Anesthesia, Wound Cleansing, Oral antisepsis, Oral disinfection

Chlorhexidine Gel Versus Alvogyl Following Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Impacted Third Molar Tooth
Interventions
First Posted Date
2023-11-22
Last Posted Date
2023-11-22
Lead Sponsor
University of Baghdad
Target Recruit Count
51
Registration Number
NCT06144983
Locations
🇮🇶

University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

Infection Prophylaxis in Total Joint Replacement

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Interventions
First Posted Date
2023-11-13
Last Posted Date
2024-08-21
Lead Sponsor
Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation
Target Recruit Count
21006
Registration Number
NCT06126614
Locations
🇨🇦

Hamilton Health Sciences - Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Enhanced Dermatological Care to Reduce Rash and Paronychia in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGRF)-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treated First-line With Amivantamab Plus Lazertinib

Phase 2
Recruiting
Conditions
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Interventions
First Posted Date
2023-11-07
Last Posted Date
2025-01-09
Lead Sponsor
Janssen Research & Development, LLC
Target Recruit Count
200
Registration Number
NCT06120140
Locations
🇺🇸

USC Norris Oncology Hematology Newport Beach, Newport Beach, California, United States

🇺🇸

Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California, United States

🇺🇸

Kaiser Permanente Roseville Medical Center, Roseville, California, United States

and more 90 locations

Local Delivery of Silk Fibroin and Chlorhexidine

Phase 1
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Periodontal Pocket
Interventions
Biological: silk fibroin
Biological: combination of silk fibroin and chlorhexidine
Drug: Chlorhexidin
First Posted Date
2023-09-22
Last Posted Date
2023-09-22
Lead Sponsor
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences & Hospital
Target Recruit Count
15
Registration Number
NCT06050863

Plaque Inhibitory Effect of Neutral Electrolysed Water in the Form of a Mouthwash in a 4-day Non-brushing Model

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Gingivitis
Interventions
Other: Neutral electrolyzed water
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Chlorhexidine digluconate
First Posted Date
2023-02-01
Last Posted Date
2023-07-13
Lead Sponsor
University of Ljubljana
Target Recruit Count
16
Registration Number
NCT05709015
Locations
🇸🇮

University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Hydroxylated Polymethoxy Flavones Solid Dispersion in Treatment of Periodontitis

Phase 1
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Inflammatory Disease
Periodontal Diseases
Interventions
Procedure: scaling and root planing
Drug: placebo
Drug: hydroxylated poly methoxy flavones
Drug: chlorhexidine
First Posted Date
2022-09-21
Last Posted Date
2023-10-10
Lead Sponsor
Assiut University
Target Recruit Count
30
Registration Number
NCT05546788

Skin Preparation for Elective Foot and Ankle Surgery

Phase 4
Recruiting
Conditions
Microbial Colonization
Foot and Ankle Disorders
Interventions
Drug: Hibiclens
Drug: Isopropyl Alcohol 70% Topical Application Solution
First Posted Date
2022-06-02
Last Posted Date
2024-08-01
Lead Sponsor
University of Missouri-Columbia
Target Recruit Count
100
Registration Number
NCT05401292
Locations
🇺🇸

University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States

Evaluation of the Effect of Oil Pulling

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Dental Plaque
Oral Hygiene
Interventions
Other: Distilled Water
Other: Oil Pulling
Drug: Chlorhexidine
First Posted Date
2022-03-31
Last Posted Date
2022-03-31
Lead Sponsor
Ataturk University
Target Recruit Count
100
Registration Number
NCT05304338
Locations
🇹🇷

Ataturk University, Erzurum, None Selected, Turkey

Skip Prep of Vaginal Delivery to Prevent Puerperal / Perinatal Infection in Vaginal Delivery

Not Applicable
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Vaginal Delivery
Surgical Site Infection
Interventions
First Posted Date
2021-11-16
Last Posted Date
2021-11-26
Lead Sponsor
Seoul National University Hospital
Target Recruit Count
4140
Registration Number
NCT05122169

Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation With Green Light for Infection Reduction

Phase 3
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Acanthamoeba Keratitis
Fungal Keratitis
Interventions
First Posted Date
2021-11-05
Last Posted Date
2024-07-19
Lead Sponsor
University of California, San Francisco
Target Recruit Count
330
Registration Number
NCT05110001
Locations
🇮🇳

Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

🇧🇷

Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath