Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) generated during phosynthesis involving water, carbon and sunlight in plants. It is produced in humans via hepatic gluconeogenesis and breakdown of polymeric glucose forms (glycogenolysis). It circulates in human circulation as blood glucose and acts as an essential energy source for many organisms through aerobic or anaerobic respiration and fermentation. It is primarily stored as starch in plants and glycogen in animals to be used in various metabolic processes in the cellular level. Its aldohexose stereoisomer, dextrose or D-glucose, is the most commonly occurring isomer of glucose in nature. L-glucose is a synthesized enantiomer that is used as a low-calorie sweetener and laxative. The unspecified form of glucose is commonly supplied as an injection for nutritional supplementation or metabolic disorders where glucose levels are improperly regulated. Glucose is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Glucose pharmaceutical formulations (oral tablets, injections) are indicated for caloric supply and carbohydrate supplementation in case of nutrient deprivation. It is also used in metabolic disorders such as hypoglycemia.
Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
Universitätsklinik für Klinische Pharmakologie,, Vienna, Austria
Department of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
National Heart Institute, Cairo, Egypt
Chen Yueh, Tainan, Taiwan
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Tulane Hospital and Clinics, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
Karaman Taining and Research Hospital, Karaman, Turkey
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