Metformin

Generic Name: Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₄H_₁₁N_₅

CAS Number: 657-24-9

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 9100L32L2N

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Metformin Use in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Phase 2

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Interventions: Drug: Conventional DMARDs
Drug: Metformin
Drug: Placebo Oral Tablet

First Posted Date: 2019-03-05

Last Posted Date: 2019-05-28

Lead Sponsor: Ain Shams University

Target Recruit Count: 60

Registration Number: NCT03863405

Locations: 🇪🇬
Al-Zahraa University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Remission Evaluation of a Metabolic Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes With IDegLira

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions: Drug: IDegLira
Drug: insulin degludec
Drug: Metformin
Behavioral: Lifestyle Therapy

First Posted Date: 2019-03-05

Last Posted Date: 2023-10-25

Lead Sponsor: Population Health Research Institute

Target Recruit Count: 159

Registration Number: NCT03862716

Locations: 🇨🇦
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
🇨🇦
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
🇨🇦
Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

and more 5 locations

Effect of Melatonin and Metformin on Glycemic Control Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Markers in Patients With Prediabetes

Phase 2

Conditions: PreDiabetes

Interventions: Drug: metformin
Drug: melatonin
Drug: Placebo

First Posted Date: 2019-02-20

Last Posted Date: 2019-09-26

Lead Sponsor: University of Guadalajara

Target Recruit Count: 42

Registration Number: NCT03848533

Locations: 🇲🇽
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics (INTEC), CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

Maternal Weight Gain in Gestational Diabetes Controlled by Metformin Versus Insulin

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes

Interventions: Drug: Insulin
Drug: Metformin
Other: Assessment of weight gain

First Posted Date: 2019-02-15

Last Posted Date: 2019-02-15

Lead Sponsor: Ain Shams University

Target Recruit Count: 124

Registration Number: NCT03841591

Locations: 🇪🇬
Ain SHams Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Abbaseya, Egypt

Metformin as RenoProtector of Progressive Kidney Disease

Phase 3

Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Diseases

Interventions: Drug: Placebo Oral Tablet
Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride

First Posted Date: 2019-02-05

Last Posted Date: 2023-12-19

Lead Sponsor: Universiteit Antwerpen

Target Recruit Count: 290

Registration Number: NCT03831464

Locations: 🇧🇪
Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
🇧🇪
AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
🇧🇪
Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde, Tournai, Belgium

and more 16 locations