Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.
Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.
Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
University Hospital Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
Royal Bournemouth General Hospital, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
The first affiliated hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Virginia Piper Cancer Institute, Coon Rapids, Minnesota, United States
Massachusetts General Hosptial, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Investigational Site Number 392008, Kita-gun, Japan
Investigational Site Number 392001, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Investigational Site Number 392004, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
BCCA - Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Allan Blair Cancer Centre, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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