Ephedrine

Generic Name: Ephedrine

Brand Names: Akovaz, Bronkaid, Corphedra, Emerphed, Primatene, Rezipres

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₀H_₁₅NO

CAS Number: 299-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: GN83C131XS

Background: Ephedrine was first described in western literature in 1888, as a naturally occurring component of the ephedra plant, along with pseudoephedrine. Ephedrine acts as both a direct and indirect sympathomimetic. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist; however, it also causes the indirect release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons, inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake and displacing more norepinephrine from storage vesicles. Ephedrine is used for its vasoconstrictive, positive chronotropic, and positive inotropic effects. Ephedrine and phenylephrine are still used to treat hypotension, but their use in other indications has decreased due to the development of more selective adrenergic agonists. Ephedrine was granted a type 7 FDA Approval on 29 April 2016.

Indication: Ephedrine intravenous injections are indicated to treat hypotension under anesthesia, ephedrine injections by multiple routes are indicated to treat allergic conditions such as bronchial asthma, ephedrine nasal spray is and OTC medication used as a decongestant.

Associated Conditions: Allergic Reaction, Bronchial Asthma, Common Cold, Cough, Depression, Fever, General Anesthesia Induced Hypotension, Headache, Joint Pain, Myasthenia Gravis, Narcolepsy, Nasal Congestion, Rhinorrhoea, Sore Throat, Dry cough

Clinical Trials

Continuous Spinal Anesthesia With Hypobaric Bupivacaine to Preserve Hemodynamics in Elderly

Not Applicable

Conditions: Hip Fracture
Hypotension

Interventions: Procedure: continuous spinal anesthesia
Drug: isobaric bupivacaine
Drug: hypobaric bupivacaine
Drug: ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2015-04-28

Last Posted Date: 2015-04-28

Lead Sponsor: Institut Kassab d'Orthopédie

Target Recruit Count: 120

Registration Number: NCT02428257

Locations: 🇹🇳
Institut Kassab d'Orthopédie, La Manouba, Tunisia

Target Hemodynamics and Brain Injury During General Anesthesia in the Elderly

Phase 2

Suspended

Conditions: Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction

Interventions: Procedure: Hemodynamic target
Drug: Phenylephrine
Drug: Intravenous fluids
Procedure: Patient's positioning
Procedure: Reduction of depth of anesthesia
Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: Epinephrine
Drug: Norepinephrine
Drug: Dopamine

First Posted Date: 2015-04-28

Last Posted Date: 2018-04-13

Lead Sponsor: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico

Target Recruit Count: 1812

Registration Number: NCT02428062

Locations: 🇮🇹
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Via F. Sforza 35, Milano, Italy

Determination of the Optimal Dose of Ephedrine in Intraoperative Arterial Hypotension of Newborns and Infants up to 6 Months of Age.

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Intraoperative Arterial Hypotension
Infant, Newborn

First Posted Date: 2015-03-10

Last Posted Date: 2021-07-27

Lead Sponsor: Hospices Civils de Lyon

Target Recruit Count: 120

Registration Number: NCT02384876

Locations: 🇫🇷
Hôpital d'Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
🇫🇷
Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France
🇫🇷
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France

Intraoperative Lidocaine Infusion vs. Esmolol Infusion for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Gall Stone Disease

Interventions: Drug: Lidocaine
Drug: Esmolol
Drug: Paracetamol
Drug: Propofol
Drug: Fentanyl
Drug: Vecuronium
Drug: Atropine
Drug: Ephedrine
Drug: Morphine
Drug: Ketorolac
Drug: Ondansetron
Drug: Bupivacaine
Drug: Tramadol
Drug: Neostigmine
Drug: Glycopyrrolate

First Posted Date: 2014-12-31

Last Posted Date: 2018-11-30

Lead Sponsor: B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences

Target Recruit Count: 90

Registration Number: NCT02327923

Locations: 🇳🇵
BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari District, Nepal

A Novel Closed-loop Integrated System for the Maintenance of Haemodynamic Stability

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Hypotension

Interventions: Device: vasopressor delivery automated system
Drug: phenylephrine
Device: manual vasopressor delivery
Drug: ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2014-10-29

Last Posted Date: 2018-03-08

Lead Sponsor: KK Women's and Children's Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 252

Registration Number: NCT02277730

Locations: 🇸🇬
KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

The Effect of Phenylephrine and Ephedrine on Microvascular Blood Flow

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers

Interventions: Drug: Administration of phenylephrine
Other: Measurement of stroke volume
Other: Contrast enhanced ultrasound scan
Drug: Administration of ephedrine

First Posted Date: 2014-09-30

Last Posted Date: 2015-01-27

Lead Sponsor: University of Nottingham

Target Recruit Count: 8

Registration Number: NCT02252627

Locations: 🇬🇧
University of Nottingham, School of Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom