Phenytoin
- Generic Name
- Phenytoin
- Brand Names
- Dilantin, Phenytek
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C15H12N2O2
- CAS Number
- 57-41-0
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 6158TKW0C5
- Background
Phenytoin is classified as a hydantoin derivative and despite its narrow therapeutic index, it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants. Since it's introduction about 80 years ago, phenytoin has not only been established as an effective anti-epileptic, but has also been investigated for several other indications such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing.
Clinicians are advised to initiate therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who require phenytoin since even small deviations from the recommended therapeutic range can lead to suboptimal treatment, or adverse effects. Both parenteral and oral formulations of phenytoin are available on the market.
- Indication
Phenytoin is indicated to treat grand mal seizures, complex partial seizures, and to prevent and treat seizures during or following neurosurgery. Injectable phenytoin and Fosphenytoin, which is the phosphate ester prodrug formulation of phenytoin, are indicated to treat tonic-clonic status epilepticus, and for the prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery.
- Associated Conditions
- Complex Partial Seizure Disorder, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures, Grand Mal Status Epilepticus, Jacksonian epilepsy, Partial-Onset Seizures, Petit Mal Epilepsy, Seizure Disorder, Post Traumatic, Seizures, Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), Convulsive disorders
Pharmacokinetics of Antiepileptics in Patients on CRRT
- Conditions
- Acute Kidney InjuryRenal InsufficiencyRenal FailurePharmacokinetics
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2018-08-16
- Last Posted Date
- 2021-10-05
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Maryland, Baltimore
- Target Recruit Count
- 18
- Registration Number
- NCT03632915
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Use of Topical Phenytoin in Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Mandible
- Conditions
- Osteonecrosis Due to Drugs, Jaw
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2017-08-31
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-09-01
- Lead Sponsor
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- Target Recruit Count
- 20
- Registration Number
- NCT03269214
Population Pharmacokinetics of Antiepileptic in Pediatrics
- Conditions
- Epilepsy
- Interventions
- Biological: brivaracétamBiological: pregabalineOther: genetic polymorphisms
- First Posted Date
- 2017-06-22
- Last Posted Date
- 2024-10-30
- Lead Sponsor
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
- Target Recruit Count
- 1000
- Registration Number
- NCT03196466
- Locations
- 🇫🇷
AP-HP Cochin, Paris, France
Randomized Trial on the Effect of Topical Phenytoin on Healing After Fistulotomy
- Conditions
- Anal Fistula
- Interventions
- Procedure: Anal fistulotomy
- First Posted Date
- 2017-03-30
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-03-31
- Lead Sponsor
- Mansoura University
- Target Recruit Count
- 38
- Registration Number
- NCT03096522
- Locations
- 🇪🇬
Mansoura university hospital, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
Effect of Phenytoin on the Ganglion Cell Layer in Patients With Optic Neuritis
- First Posted Date
- 2016-10-20
- Last Posted Date
- 2019-08-12
- Lead Sponsor
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Target Recruit Count
- 71
- Registration Number
- NCT02939937
- Locations
- 🇮🇷
Eye Research Center Farabi Hosoital, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Characterization of Epilepsy Patients BEEP 2b
- Conditions
- Epilepsy
- Interventions
- Drug: Divalproex Sodium (brand name vs generic drugs)
- First Posted Date
- 2016-03-14
- Last Posted Date
- 2020-03-27
- Lead Sponsor
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Target Recruit Count
- 21
- Registration Number
- NCT02707965
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Phenytoin for Memory Impairment Secondary to Megestrol
- Conditions
- Cognitive Impairment
- Interventions
- Drug: Megestrol 800 mg liquidDrug: Phenytoin-matched Placebo capsuleDrug: Megestrol-matched liquid Placebo
- First Posted Date
- 2015-11-03
- Last Posted Date
- 2019-09-09
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Target Recruit Count
- 21
- Registration Number
- NCT02595723
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
Phenytoin in the Healing of Clean Surgical Wounds
- First Posted Date
- 2015-04-10
- Last Posted Date
- 2015-04-10
- Lead Sponsor
- Children's Surgical Center, Cambodia
- Target Recruit Count
- 100
- Registration Number
- NCT02413658
- Locations
- 🇰🇭
Children's Surgical Centre, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Comparative Trial of IV Lacosamide Versus Phenytoin for Seizure Management
- First Posted Date
- 2015-04-06
- Last Posted Date
- 2016-01-07
- Lead Sponsor
- Lawson Health Research Institute
- Target Recruit Count
- 3
- Registration Number
- NCT02409433
- Locations
- 🇨🇦
University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
Pharmacovigilance in Gerontopsychiatric Patients
- Conditions
- DementiaDepressionSchizophreniaPsychosomatic DisordersAnxiety Disorders
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2015-03-02
- Last Posted Date
- 2018-02-28
- Lead Sponsor
- Hannover Medical School
- Target Recruit Count
- 407
- Registration Number
- NCT02374567
- Locations
- 🇩🇪
Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
🇩🇪Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Berlin, Germany
🇩🇪Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
Drug Development Updates
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